Analysis of Medical Pure Water System Construction and Design Selection in Hospital Building

Release time:

2024-01-06

Medical pure water system is mainly used to meet the medical needs of pure water production equipment. The whole system is made of stainless steel material, and must be equipped with sterilization device before the water point. The use of primary and secondary reverse osmosis, EDI and other latest technology, more targeted to design a complete set of high-purity water treatment process to meet the medical inspection, dialysis, washing, cleaning and other pure water.

According to the supply and demand mode of pure water, two modes of decentralized water supply and centralized water supply (also known as central pure water system) can be selected.

At present, the newly built or expanded hospital buildings in China are more dominated by "centralized water supply"; a small number of hospital buildings will still use the traditional "decentralized water supply".

I. Common Process Flow

Raw water-raw water pressure pump → multi-media filter → activated carbon filter → water softener → precision filter → primary reverse osmosis machine → intermediate water tank → intermediate water pump → EDI system → purified water tank → pure water pump → ultraviolet sterilizer → microporous filter → water point.

Second, water classification and water quality indicators.

1. Water use classification

The classification of hospital water generally includes inspection water, pathology water, dialysis water, supply room water, surgical flushing water, DSA catheter flushing water, dental flushing water, obstetric baby washing water, preparation room water and drinking water, etc.

1 Hemodialysis room: blood purification of hemodialysis patients, washing dialyzer and special water for dialysate.

2 operating room: medical staff wash their hands and use sterile water for equipment cleaning before operation.

3 laboratory: biochemical analysis and biochemical analyzer machine with high purity water.

4 supply room: fine washing equipment and machine with sterile water.

5 Department of Pathology: sterile water for imaging and washing and machines.

6 DSA, endoscope: clean the catheter with sterile water.

7 stomatology: oral cleaning with sterile water.

8 pure water: for hospital staff and VIP patients to drink directly.

2. Reference of water quality index

Dialysis water-in line with the "American AAMI hemodialysis water standards", "hemodialysis and related treatment water"

Analysis of water-in line with national standards "analytical laboratory water specifications and experimental methods", "Chinese Pharmacopoeia"

Cleaning water-in line with the national standard "bottles (barrels) of pure drinking water health standards"

Flushing water-in accordance with the "hospital clean operating department building technical code"

Drinking water-in line with the national standard "drinking water health standards"

III. Proportion of water consumption

The pure water consumption of each hospital varies according to the hospital's business development, and the layout of each water point is also different. According to incomplete statistical analysis, the distribution of various pure water consumption accounts for about the proportion as shown in the following table:

Serial Number	Water use category	Proportion of water consumption
1	Water for dialysis	Approximately 15%
2	Water for analysis and inspection	Approximately 8%
3	Supply room, endoscope and other cleaning water	Approximately 35%
4	Preparation water	Approximately 5%
5	Dental Water	Approximately 5%
6	Operation brush hand water	Approximately 15%
7	Obstetric hand brushing, baby washing	about 1.5 percent.
8	ICU/EICU	Approximately 1%
9	DSA Water	Approximately 5%
10	Drinking water	Approximately 8%
11	Other (Research, Gene, Humidification)	about 1.5 percent.

IV. Analysis and Comparison of Water Supply Modes

According to the characteristics of the project, combined with the most common decentralized water supply and centralized water supply modes in China, the relevant comprehensive performance is analyzed and compared, as shown in the following table:

Annex I: Comprehensive Performance Analysis of Decentralized Water Supply and Centralized Water Supply System

System Type/Comparison Item	decentralized water supply	Centralized water supply (central pure water system)
system composition	It is composed of multiple sets of single pure water machines with different functions, filter, RO and EDI integrated process design, and control cabinet, pipeline instrument, control host, etc.	A set of water making machine is used to carry out advanced treatment of raw water, including pretreatment, reverse osmosis, EDI deep demineralization, post-treatment, circulating water supply and other processes, so as to realize the mode of centralized water making and quality water supply, and then supply it to each department for use with pipe network respectively.
System process	Equipment integration, compact structure, system process is relatively simple	More equipment, more pipeline circulation, more complex system process
Occupation of machine room	The computer rooms are set up separately according to different departments, the area of a single set of equipment is about 15~30M3, the total area of the computer room is about 200M3 and above, and the total area is large.	Centralized set up a machine room, the area is about 100~150M3, the total area is small
Requirements for buildings	According to the requirements of different departments, multiple equipment rooms are set up or reserved near them. It is not suitable to set up basement. The site is limited to a certain extent.	The central computer room can be reserved in the basement or equipment floor, and there is no special restriction on the site.
Main advantages	The water supply of each department is independent of each other, and there will be no interference between each other, failure impact and risk of infection; Each department is independently equipped with water making equipment, which can be directly used to meet the water quality standards, which is convenient and fast; It can be freely combined and configured according to the needs of each user unit, which is simple and convenient.	Centralized water supply and centralized management have greatly improved the efficiency and quality of water supply; Water can be supplied according to different water standards, completely replacing the decentralized water supply system and facilitating centralized control and management; Realize closed circulation water supply, and there is no phenomenon of stagnant water or pollution sources, and the quality of water is more guaranteed; The machine room can be selected in the basement or auxiliary room, with large selectability and small total floor area; Reduce equipment investment, reduce operating costs, but also save labor, consumables costs; Rely on the quality of water supply, at the same time can provide doctors and patients, medical personnel, such as drinking pure water supply, economic, advanced; Improve the hospital equipment management level and efficiency; Compared with the decentralized water supply system, the operating cost of equipment can be reduced by 45%, the water saving is about 40%, the electricity saving is 50%, and the equipment room can be reduced by 35%.
Main disadvantages	30% ~ 50% of waste water is wasted in decentralized water supply, and the recovery rate of pure water is low; The use of decentralized water supply in independent departments requires higher use level of department and management personnel, which increases the equipment failure rate due to lack of knowledge of use and maintenance; Due to the large number of hospital departments, if decentralized water supply is adopted, the number of maintenance personnel must be increased, thus increasing labor costs; Each equipment room occupies the area of the relevant department room separately, and also increases the noise of equipment operation; Each department independent water supply, not convenient unified control, special management, can not improve the efficiency of the hospital; If the standby water supply method is not considered, equipment failure will also occur, which will affect the water supply of the entire department. Due to the independent configuration of water production equipment and treatment process in each department, the initial investment cost, operating cost and total annual operating cost of the equipment are greatly increased.	At present, the pure water system is equipped with concentrated water reuse system, and the recovery rate can reach 80% ~ 100; Due to the PLC unattended full automatic control function, the degree of automation is high, and the skill requirements for maintenance personnel are also high; If the standby system (two-way water supply mode) is not considered, once the equipment failure or system failure occurs, the water supply of the whole system will be affected; The system process is complex, the pipeline is also complex, the vertical shaft space needs to be reserved, and the installation process is generally complex.
water saving and energy saving	Disperse water, water supply, pure water recovery rate of about 50 ~ 60%, no energy saving	Centralized water production, quality water supply, pure water recovery rate can basically reach 80% ~ 100%, energy saving
advanced nature	Common, more traditional, not in line with future hospital development trends	Advanced, in line with the future trend of hospital development

V. Basic principles and recommendations for type selection

Due to the different requirements of water production mode, equipment composition and space limitation of each pure water system, the following factors must be paid attention to in the selection:

First of all, from the construction conditions, space environment, economic investment, operation management and other key elements to consider;

Secondly, the system process and equipment products must have reliable technology, mature performance and stable operation. At present, they are commonly used in the market, with more case projects and better overall evaluation;

Finally, consider the initial investment capacity and later operation and maintenance capacity, that is, maintenance management issues and maintenance costs;

◆ Centralized water supply system (central pure water system) is much better than decentralized water supply system in terms of quality water supply, centralized management, maintenance cost, work efficiency, safety and reliability, advanced economy, site saving and so on.

The first international standard in the field of smart water, ISO 24591-1, was officially released!

Helping the Construction of Smart Hospitals-Bochuang Medical Pure Water System of Provincial Electromechanical Observation Meeting

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Chongqing Bochuang Water Treatment Equipment Co., Ltd.

Chongqing Bochuang Water Treatment Equipment Co., Ltd. is a modern high-tech enterprise integrating R & D, design, manufacturing, installation, commissioning, operation management and after-sales service of water treatment and environmental protection equipment.